仪式舞蹈与身体实践:土家族摆手祭仪的象征阐释

Ritual Dance and Body Practice:Symbolic Interpretation of Tujia’s Waving Ceremony

文章以湘西土家族苗族自治州龙山县农车村大摆手祭仪的田野调查为基础,对摆手祭祀仪典的身体符号、空间构型与实践逻辑进行象征解读,并由此分析了特定仪式语境中土家族社会身份、认知行为、心理图景的象征表述。土家族通过摆手祭仪上“集体性身体复述”,将本民族内隐的宇宙观、生命观、身体观代代相传,成为承续土家族文化、沟通族群内外的符号象征。这种仪式性的舞蹈是仪式象征的介质与载体,复述着仪式场域构筑的观念性内容。

Based on the field investigation of the Tujia’s Waving ceremony in Nongche Village,Longshan County,Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Xiangxi,the article carries out a symbolic interpretation of the body symbol,spatial configuration and practical logic of the sacrificial ceremony of hand-waving,and analyzes the Tujia society in a specific ritual context.Symbolic representation of identity,cognitive behavior,mental picture.Through the“collective body retelling”in the Waving ceremony,the Tujia people pass on their implicit views of the universe,life and body from generation to generation,and become a symbol of inheriting the Tujia culture and communicating with the inside and outside of the ethnic group.This ritual dance is the“medium”and“carrier”of the ritual symbol,repeating the conceptual content of the ritual field construction.