危化品运输事故应急资源配置选址多目标决策

Multi-objective decision of emergency resource allocation and site selection for hazardous chemical transportation accidents

为提高危化品道路运输事故应急救援能力,基于最大路网覆盖,建立应急资源配置选址模型;考虑突发事故应急资源配置和选址的随机性和动态性,引入应急响应时间、应急资源覆盖限制和应急处理能力因素,描述应急资源供需的不确定性,使各应急需求点被应急资源覆盖的全部收益期望值最大;采用人工免疫算法对选址模型搜索求解,求解多目标模型的帕累托最优解集。结果表明:构建的模型能够在保证应急物资供应时效的前提下,最大化提高事故应急处置的综合效率,为有关部门合理规划应急资源布局提供理论参考和决策依据。

In order to solve facility location configuration and emergency resource allocation problems for road transport accidents of hazardous chemicals and improve the emergency rescue capability rapidly,a new multi-objective decision making model for emergency resource allocation and location selection of hazardous chemical road transport accidents based on maximum road network coverage was proposed.In order to maximize the expected total revenue of each emergency demand point covered by the emergency resources,the factors of emergency response time and emergency resource coverage limit and emergency handling capacity were introduced to describe uncertainty in supply and demand for emergency resources considering the randomness and dynamics of the allocation and location of emergency resources.An artificial immune algorithm was employed to solve the rational location-allocation of emergency resources,which can be used to find out the Pareto optimal solution set of the multi-objective model effectively.The results show that the model constructed in this paper can maximize the comprehensive efficiency of accident emergency treatment on the premise of ensuring the timeliness of emergency supplies.It provides a theoretical reference and decision-making basis for relevant departments to plan the distribution of emergency resources rationally.