具身认知视阈下学习方式的转型及其实现路径

Transformation and Practice Path of Learning Style under the Perspective of Embodied Cognition

推进学习方式的变革是新一轮课程改革的重要内容,具身认知理论强调身体的回归,为变革学习方式提供了新的研究视角。具身认知视阈下的学习方式应从“离身”向“具身”转型。具体表现为从“脑学”到“身学”、从机械式学习到体验式学习、从被动式学习到主动式学习以及从静态预设式学习到动态生成式学习四个方面。同时,与之相对应的实现学习方式转型的实践路径,应从发挥身体的认知功能,注重多感官协同参与;关注身体的知觉体验,建构学习的身体图式;基于身体的实践意向,调动积极的学习情绪和注重身体的环境植根,打造具身化的学习空间四个方面着手推进。

Promoting the change of learning style is an important part of the new round of basic education curriculum reform. The embodied cognitive theory emphasizes that the body plays an important role in the cognitive process,which provides a new research perspective for changing learning style. From the perspective of embodied cognition, the learning style should be transformed from "disembodiment" to "embodied". Specifically, it shows the following four aspects: from "brain learning" to "body learning", from mechanical learning to experiential learning,from passive learning to active learning and from static preset learning to dynamic generation learning. At the same time, the corresponding practical path to realize the transformation of learning style should be to play the cognitive function of the body and pay attention to multi-sensory collaborative participation;Pay attention to the perceptual experience of the body and construct the body schema of learning;Based on the practical intention of the body, we should mobilize positive learning emotions, pay attention to the environmental roots of the body, and create a concrete learning space.