肺动静脉畸形与缺血性卒中

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations and ischemic stroke

肺动静脉畸形(pulmonary arteriovenous malformations,PAVMs)可诱发隐源性卒中,也是导致青年卒中的重要原因。PAVMs患者发生缺血性卒中的风险随着年龄的增长而增高。超声心动图联合声学造影可用于PAVMs的早期筛查,尤其是对于不明原因的青年卒中患者。经治疗后,PAVMs患者发生缺血性卒中的风险降低。文章通过检索关于PAVMs与缺血性卒中的研究,总结PAVMs的病因、发病机制、诊断和治疗,以期提高对PAVMs的认识,避免误诊漏诊。

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations(PAVMs)can induce cryptogenic stroke and are also an important cause of stroke in young adults.The risk of ischemic stroke increases with age in patients with PAVMs.Contrast echocardiography can be used for early screening of PAVMs,especially in young patients with cryptogenic stroke.After treatment,patients with PAVMs have a reduced risk of ischemic stroke.This article summarizes the etiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of PAVMs by retrieving studies on PAVMs and ischemic stroke,in order to improve the understanding of PAVMs and avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.