基于惩罚函数法的针织圆纬机大鼎轻量化设计

Lightweight Design of Tripod in Circular Weft Knitting Machine Based on SUMT

针织圆纬机的大鼎是织机的重要零件,是形成圆纬机构架、支承大鼎齿轮传动、保持机器工作刚度和避免振动的关键件。通常大鼎由HT250铸成,为减少铸造缺陷和保证机加质量,铸件尺寸较大,整体沉重,耗用更多的材料,增加其他件载荷,浪费能源。为解决此问题,文中运用最优化理论的惩罚函数法,以保证功能为约束条件、以相关几何特征为决策变量、以质量最小为评价目标,进行优化分析与设计,实现轻量化。实验研究表明,以某一型号的圆纬机(质量为465.1 kg)大鼎为例,减重96.21 kg,轻量化20.69%,同时保证机器的优质功能。

The tripod of circular weft knitting loom is an important part of the machine.It plays the fatal role in forming the frame,supporting the tripod gear transmission,maintaining the working stiffness and avoiding vibration.Generally,the tripod is cast by HT250.In order to reduce casting defects and ensure machining quality,the casting size is large and the overall weight is heavy,which consumes more materials,increases the load of other parts and wastes energy.To solve this problem,this paper uses the SUMT(Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique)to optimize the analysis and design of the tripod,with the function promise as the constraint condition,relevant geometric characteristics as the decision-variables,and minimum mass as the evaluation objective,to achieve lightweight.The experimental results have shown that the weight of the tripod for a certain type of the circular weft knitting loom(465.1 kg)is reduced by 96.21 kg and the light-weighing rate reaches 20.69%,while the high quality function of the machine is guaranteed.