抑郁症状和共情满意在护士工作压力与职业倦怠中的中介作用

Mediating role of depressive symptoms and compassion satisfaction between job stress and burnout among nurses

目的:探讨抑郁症状和共情满意在护士的工作压力与职业倦怠中的中介作用。方法:于2017年9—11月通过整群抽样抽取湖北省11所三甲医院的2172名注册在岗女护士进行问卷调查,调查内容包括一般情况、中国护士压力源量表、抑郁自评量表、中文版同情疲劳量表。通过Pearson相关分析和并行中介模型探讨抑郁症状和共情满意在护士的工作压力与职业倦怠中的中介作用。结果:2172名护士工作压力平均得分(84.03±21.21)分,职业倦怠、抑郁症状和共情满意平均得分分别为(26.23±5.74)分、(42.16±6.73)分和(33.24±7.68)分。工作压力可直接影响职业倦怠(β=0.209,P<0.001),抑郁症状和共情满意在工作压力与职业倦怠中具有部分中介作用,中介效应分别为0.112和0.121,各占总效应的25.34%和27.31%。结论:工作压力可直接影响护士职业倦怠,也可通过抑郁症状和共情满意影响职业倦怠,抑郁症状缓解或共情满意提高可减少护士职业倦怠。

Objective:To explore the mediating role of depressive symptoms and compassion satisfaction in the relationship between job stress and burnout among nurses.Methods:A total of 2,172 registered female nurses on duty from 11 grade A tertiary hospitals in Hubei were recruited by cluster sampling and participated in a questionnaire survey,which included general information,the Chinese Nurses’Stressor Scale,the Self-Rating Depression Scale,and the Chinese version of the Compassion Fatigue Scale.The mediating role of depressive symptoms and compassion satisfaction in nurses’job stress and burnout was explored by Pearson correlation analysis and parallel mediation model.Results:The mean score of job stress among the 2,172 nurses was 84.03±21.21,and the mean scores of job burnout,depressive symptoms and compassion satisfaction were 26.23±5.74,42.16±6.73 and33.24±7.68,respectively.Job stress could directly affect burnout(β=0.209,P<0.001),and depressive symptoms and compassion satisfaction partially mediated the effect of job stress on burnout,with mediating effects of 0.112and 0.121,respectively,accounting for 25.34%and 27.31%of the total effect.Conclusion:Job stress can affect job burnout in nurses directly or through depressive symptoms and compassion satisfaction.Relief of depressive symptoms or improvement of compassion satisfaction can reduce job burnout in nurses.