增程式电动拖拉机研究进展

Research progress of extended-range electric tractor

传统电动拖拉机存在续航里程低、难以满足大功率段作业需求等问题,增程式电动拖拉机是在传统电动拖拉机基础上增加一套附加动力驱动装置,较好地兼顾经济性与动力性需求,是未来电动拖拉机的主要发展方向之一。在综述增程式电动汽车动力系统研究、能量管理控制策略等主要技术基础上,重点阐述增程式电动拖拉机在动力系统设计、与传动系统的参数匹配与优化算法、转矩分配以及能量管理的研究等方面的研究进展,指出:精准化、智能化以及如何在电耗以及油耗间寻求一个更好的平衡点,提升电能利用率、降低油耗,是未来增程式电动拖拉机得以推广的关键以及主要发展方向;针对增程式电动拖拉机的建模应充分考虑到拖拉机的诸如运输、犁土、翻土、整地等不同的作业需要,未来可以在基于一定数据分析基础上,全面考虑实际作业需求,实施个性化、精准化建模与参数设计,提高准确性;在充分分析增程式电动拖拉机作业特性与能量需求的基础上,可开展适应增程电动拖拉机的电池及相关技术研发,提升续航里程。

Traditional electric tractors has some problems,such as low range,difficult to meet the operation demand of high-power section,etc.,the incremental electric tractor is an additional power driving device based on the traditional electric tractor,which takes into account the economic and power requirements,and is one of the main development directions of the electric tractor in the future.On the basis of summarizing the main technologies such as power system research and energy management control strategy of incremental electric vehicle,this paper focuses on the research progress of incremental electric tractor in power system design,parameter matching and optimization algorithm with transmission system,torque distribution and energy management,and points out that precision,intelligence and how to find a better balance between power consumption and fuel consumption,improving the utilization rate of electric energy and reducing fuel consumption are the key and main development direction for the promotion of incremental electric tractors in the future.The modeling of the incremental electric tractor should fully consider the different operation needs of the tractor,such as transportation,soil ploughing,soil turning and land preparation.In the future,based on certain data analysis,the actual operation needs can be fully considered,and personalized and accurate modeling and parameter design can be implemented to improve accuracy.Based on the full analysis of the operating characteristics and energy demand of the extended range electric tractor,the research and development of batteries and related technologies suitable for the extended range electric tractor can be carried out to improve the endurance mileage.