长期护理保险政策量化研究:基于政策工具、主体、功能的内容分析

Quantitative Research on Long-Term Care Insurance Policy: Content Analysis Based on Policy Tools, Subjects and Functions

基于政策工具视角,采用内容分析法,构建“工具—主体—功能”三维分析框架,对49个试点城市的109份长期护理保险政策文本进行计量分析。研究发现:长期护理保险政策工具结构不合理,高频运用权威工具,低位使用规劝工具;政策工具与发文主体职能之间的匹配性不足,影响主体职能的有效发挥;明确权责、规范引导、分类监管、联动管理四种政策功能运用的工具频次分布结构具有相似性,难以凸显各类政策功能实施的差异性。未来,应结合政策目标,调整政策工具使用结构,提高系统变迁工具、规劝工具等的使用频次;立足于部门职能,优化政策工具选择与政策主体职能有效发挥之间的匹配性;结合政策功能的侧重点,提高政策工具选择的科学性与合理性。

Based on the perspective of policy tools, this paper constructed a "tool-subject-function" three-dimensional analysis framework using content analysis method, and conducted quantitative analysis on 109 long-term care insurance policy texts in 49 pilot cities. The results show that the structure of long-term care insurance policy tools is unreasonable, authority tools are used frequently,and persuasion tools are used at low levels. The lack of matching between policy tools and the main function of the document affects the effective play of the main function;The frequency distribution structures of the four policy functions of clarifying rights and responsibilities, standardizing guidance, classified supervision and linkage management are similar, and it is difficult to highlight the differences in the implementation of various policy functions. In the future, the use structure of policy tools should be adjusted according to policy objectives, and the use frequency of system change tools and persuasion tools should be increased. Based on departmental functions, optimize the matching between the choice of policy tools and the effective play of policy main functions;Combine the emphasis of policy function, improve the scientific and rational choice of policy tools.