红掌“一叶一花”竞争生长特性及蔗糖促花处理研究

Physiological characteristics and sucrose treatment of Anthurium at different developmental stages

为探究红掌发育过程中叶与花的营养分配关系,以Alabama为试材,测定各时期植株的形态特征指标、叶片不同发育时期的净光合速率和海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶(TPS)活性,并以蔗糖溶液处理叶片统计花芽发育状况。结果表明,对于在同一生长点上的叶片与对应的苞片,T1-T3时期主要发育叶片;T3-T5时期,叶片逐步停止面积扩大及叶柄伸长,自身消耗减少,并向苞片提供养分,使其迅速发育;苞片的TPS活性在T1、T4及T5时期高于叶片,T2及T3时期与叶片差异不大;质量分数为15‰、20‰及25‰的蔗糖溶液均使花芽出现百分率提高。综上,红掌“一叶一花”的特性使其不同时期花叶存在不同的营养竞争关系,蔗糖在红掌花发育过程中发挥重要作用。

In order to explore the relationship between the nutrient distribution of leaves and flowers during the development of Anthurium,Alabama was used as the test material to measure the morphological characteristics,net photosynthetic rate and trehalose-6-phosphate synthase(TPS)activity of leaves at different developmental stages.The development status of flower buds was recorded after the sucrose solution treatment.The results showed that for the same growing tip,one leaf corresponded to one bract.T1-T3 stage focused on the leaf development.The corresponding bract was mainly developed in T3-T5 period.Leaf area and petiole elongation gradually stopped and it provided nutrients to bract and made them develop rapidly at T3-T5 stage.The activity of TPS in bracts was higher than that in leaves at T1,T4 and T5,but there was no significant difference between bracts and leaves at T2 and T3.The appearance rates of flower buds were increased under sucrose solution treatment with mass fraction of 15‰,20‰and 25‰,respectively.In conclusion,the characteristics of one leaf corresponding to one flower make the flower and leaf have different nutritional competition relationship in different periods,and sucrose plays an important role in the development of Anthurium flower.