海洋沉积源-汇过程的驱动因素:以北部湾为例

Driving force of marine sedimentary source to sink:A case study from Beibu Gulf

北部湾是热带、亚热带陆架半封闭海湾,具有独特和复杂的源-汇过程,是研究陆海相互作用、海湾沉积动力学、海湾生态系统动力学、气候变化和人类活动影响的一个小型天然实验室。该文总结了在北部湾沉积物类型、沉积物来源、沉积物输运和沉积格局、沉积环境变化与气候记录、人类活动对沉积环境的影响等方面的研究进展。针对存在的问题并结合当前的研究热点,对未来研究提出了如下建议:(1)加强北部湾现代沉积过程研究,重视物源端元特征的研究和现代直接观测研究;(2)聚焦泥质沉积中心,开展更多浅地层剖面、科学深钻孔和高分辨率沉积记录研究;(3)聚焦国家碳中和需求,深入研究北部湾沉积碳储库的规模、结构、增汇潜力和脆弱性;(4)推动与越南等国的国际合作调查研究;(5)基于系统科学思维加强与其他学科的交叉融合。

Beibu Gulf is a tropical-subtropical semi closed gulf on the continental shelf,with unique and complex processes of source to sink.For studies of land-sea interaction,sedimentary dynamics,ecosystem dynamics,the impact of climate change and human activities,Beibu Gulf is a small natural laboratory.The recent research progresses of sedimentary environment in Beibu Gulf were summarized,including:the types,sources,transport and sedimentary patterns of sediments,the records of changing sedimentary environment and climate,and the impact of human activities.Based on the existing problems and in consideration of current research hotspots,some suggestions were made:(1)strengthen the study of modern sedimentary process in Beibu Gulf,and pay more attention to the study of end member characteristics and modern direct observation;(2)focus on muddy depocenters and carry out new researches on sub-bottom structures,scientific deep boreholes and high resolution sedimentary records;(3)focus on the national carbon neutralization strategy and systematically study the scale,structure,storage increasing potential and vulnerability of sedimentary carbon storage in Beibu Gulf;(4)promote international cooperation in investigation and research with Vietnam and other countries;(5)strengthen the integration with other disciplines in a systemic level.