纳米银抗菌材料的研究进展

Recent progress on antibacterial material of Ag nanoparticle

银作为一种传统的抗菌材料,其纳米结构和可调的物理化学性质可以通过释放银离子(Ag~+)和诱导活性氧和活性氮等自由基表达等作用机制共同防止耐药性产生和增强抑菌效果。目前,纳米银抗菌效果的发挥受限于纳米银颗粒粒径和表面正电荷等因素的影响,将纳米银尺寸缩小或将其掺入到其他材料中制备出不同载体的载银纳米复合抗菌材料,可以有效地提高抗菌效果。重点就纳米银和多种载银纳米复合抗菌材料的种类、合成、抗菌性能及抗菌机理进行综述,并对未来纳米银抗菌材料的发展趋势进行展望,以期为纳米银在抗菌领域的后续应用研究提供一些参考。

As traditional antibacterial material,silver’s nanostructure and tunable physicochemical properties can jointly prevent drug resistance,and enhance bacteriostatic effect by releasing silver ions(Ag)and inducing expression of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.At present,the antibacterial effect of nano Ag is limited by factors such as the particle size of nano Ag and surface positive charges.By reducing the size of nano Ag or by incorporating it into other materials to prepare Ag-loaded nano antibacterial materials with different carriers,the antibacterial effect can be effectively improved.The types,synthesis,antibacterial properties and antibacterial mechanism of nano Ag and Ag-loaded nano antibacterial materials were reviewed.The development trend of nano Ag antibacterial materials in the future was prospected,and summarized the references for subsequent applied research of nano Ag in antibacterial field.