RTA数字贸易规则对数字行业增加值贸易的影响研究

Research on the Impact of RTA Digital Trade Rules on Value-added Trade in Digital Industry

随着数字经济的高速发展,数字贸易现已成为区域贸易协定(RTA)的重要议题。涵盖数据相关、市场准入、贸易便利化和消费者保护等条款的数字贸易规则从不同渠道影响数字行业出口国内增加值。文章构建RTA数字贸易规则条款异质性指数,基于42个经济体2000~2014年的数字行业出口国内增加值数据,实证检验了RTA数字贸易规则总深度、数据相关条款深度、市场准入条款深度、贸易便利化条款深度、消费者保护条款深度和争端解决条款深度对成员国不同行业、不同价值链数字行业出口国内增加值的影响。研究发现,RTA数字贸易规则的签订显著提高了参与国数字行业国内增加值的出口,且数据相关条款深度的促进作用最大;从行业角度看,RTA数字贸易规则总深度对制造业的促进效应大于其他行业;RTA数字贸易规则的签订通过降低双边贸易成本影响数字行业增加值贸易,且对复杂价值链的促进作用更大。

As the fast development of digital economy,digital trade has been an important issue in the regional trade agreement( RTA). The value-added export in the domestic digital industries is influenced by the digital trade rules in terms of data,market accession,trade facilitation and consumer protection,etc. This paper constructs a heterogeneity index of digital trade rules of RTA to study empirically the impact of the digital trade rules on digital industry export domestic added value of different industries and value chains with data from 42 economies from 2000 to 2014. The depth of digital trade rules is decomposed into the depth of data related provisions,market access provisions,trade facilitation provisions,consumer protection provisions and dispute settlement provisions. This paper finds that: first,the signature of RTA digital trade rules significantly improves the digital industry domestic value-added exports of participating countries,and the depth of data related provisions plays the greatest role;second,from the perspective of industry,the total depth of RTA digital trade rules can effectively increase digital industry domestic valueadded exports of manufacturing industry than others;third,the signature of RTA digital trade rules affects digital industry valueadded trade by reducing bilateral trade costs,and this effect is more obvious in complex value chain export.