襄阳市乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心人力资源现状调查

Status quo of human resources of township health centers/ community health service centers in Xiangyang City

目的 分析襄阳市乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心(以下简称“乡镇卫生机构”)卫生人力资源现状,为加强基层卫生人才队伍建设提供依据。方法 2021年9月,利用网络电子版问卷对全市所有乡镇卫生机构进行调查,对襄阳市乡镇卫生机构卫生人力资源的规模、学历和职称构成、专业类别分布、流失比例以及最紧缺专业岗位等进行描述性分析。利用基尼系数法判断全市各辖区按人口数量配备乡镇卫生机构医护人员的公平性。结果 全市11个辖区现有乡镇卫生机构139个,共有卫生人员9 172人,每千人口卫生人员1.74人;有卫生技术人员8 089人,大专及以下学历者占80.43%,中级及以下职称比例为96.48%。共有执业(助理)医师3 336人,其中临床医学类别、中医类别、公共卫生类别和口腔医学分别占85.34%、8.21%、4.77%和1.68%。全市每千人口拥有乡镇卫生机构执业医师0.63人、执业护士0.54人;全市各辖区按人口数配备乡镇卫生机构医师、护士人员数量的基尼系数分别为0.15、0.19。全市乡镇卫生机构公共卫生专职工作人员1 475人。临床医疗和护理岗位人才流失较为严重,中医学、临床医学和公共卫生人才比较紧缺。结论 全市乡镇卫生机构卫生人员总量充足,卫生技术人员占比合理,医护人员按人口数配备的公平性高,但卫生技术人员学历和职称水平总体较低,部分专业技术人员存在结构性短缺问题。

Objective To analyze the status quo of human resources in township health centers/community health service centers(hereinafter referred to as township health institutions) in Xiangyang City,and to provide basis for strengthening the construction of grassroots health personnel.Methods In September 2021,a online questionnaire survey was conducted on all township health institutions in Xiangyang city,and a descriptive analysis was made on the scale,composition of educational background and professional title,distribution of professional categories,loss rate and the most urgently needed professional positions of health human resources in township health institutions.The Gini coefficient was calculated to judge the fairness of assigning medical personnel to township health institutions according to population in each district of the city.Results There were 139 township health institutions in 11 districts,with 9172 health workers and 1.74 health workers per 1000 population.There were 8,089 health technicians,80.43% of whom had a college degree or below,and 96.48% of whom had intermediate professional title or below.The total number of practicing(assistant) physicians was 3,336,among whom 85.34% were physicians of clinical medicine,8.21% traditional Chinese medicine,4.77% public health and 1.68% stomatology.There were 0.63 licensed doctor and 0.54 licensed nurse in township health institutions for every 1,000 people in the city.The Gini coefficients of the number of doctors and nurses in township health institutions were 0.15 and 0.19,respectively.There were 1,475 full-time public health workers in township health institutions in the city.The brain drain of clinical medical and nursing positions was serious,and there was a shortage of talents in traditional Chinese medicine,clinical medicine and public health.Conclusions The total number of health personnel in township health institutions of Xiangyang City is sufficient,the proportion of health technicians is reasonable,and the equity of medical personnel assigned according to the number of population is high.However,the educational background and professional title level of health technicians are generally low,and there is a structural shortage of some professional technicians.