基于复杂网络的中国煤炭铁路运输网络研究

Research on China’s Coal Railway Transportation Network Based on Complex Networks

煤炭作为我国能源结构中重要的战略性资源,其生产与消费的错位性导致了我国“西煤东运”、“北煤南运”的运输格局,为保证煤炭供需的平衡,煤炭的合理运输就显得格外重要。为研究中国煤炭铁路运输网络特性,采用Space-L方法构建了中国煤炭铁路运输网络拓扑图,对网络的总体特征、节点中心性指标和社团结构进行分析,发现中国煤炭铁路运输网络度分布服从幂律分布,具有无标度网络的特点,且网络呈现出“核心—边缘”的分布特点;煤炭铁路运输网络由较少的高度值城市主导,且仅有少数城市承担煤炭中转功能,大部分城市不具备中介能力;同时,煤炭铁路运输网络内部存在社团结构,社团的分布具有地理集群的特点。

As an important strategic resource in China’s energy structure, the mismatch between production and consumption of coal has led to the transportation pattern of“western coal to the east”and“northern coal to the south”in China, which makes the rational transportation of coal particularly important in order to ensure the balance of coal supply and demand. In order to study the characteristics of China’s coal railway transportation network, a topology diagram of China’s coal railway transportation network was constructed using the Space-L method, and the overall characteristics, node centrality indicators and community structure of the network were analyzed. The network is dominated by a small number of high-value cities, and only a few cities take up the coal transit function, while most of them do not have intermediary capacity;at the same time, there is a community structure within the coal railway transport network, and the distribution of communities is characterized by geographical clusters.