致密细斑点型抗核抗体及其特异性自身抗体在自身免疫病的临床意义

Clinical significance of dense fine speckled antinuclear antibody and its specific autoantibody in autoimmune disease

自身免疫病(autoimmune disease,AID)是由机体免疫系统受环境或遗传等因素作用产生针对自身成分的自身抗体和(或)致敏T淋巴细胞,导致机体组织器官损伤或功能障碍的疾病。当前,临床上诊断AID主要基于患者的临床表现和实验室指标,而AID常伴有特征性自身抗体。自身抗体检测已被广泛应用于临床实验室,致密细斑点型(dense fine speckled,DFS)ANA是近年来受到重视且被列为ANA检测必报的荧光模型。致密细斑点型ANA及其特异性自身抗体(抗DFS70抗体)在AID中的临床相关性尚有初步研究,但并不明确。本文就致密细斑点型ANA及抗DFS70抗体在AID中的临床相关性、各种免疫学检测方法的临床应用价值及其临床检测策略进行综述,为临床诊断AID提供新思路。

Autoimmune disease(AID)is a disease that the immune system produces autoantibodies or sensitized T lymphocytes against its own components which are affected by environmental or genetic factors,resulting in tissues and organs damage or body s dysfunction.At present,the diagnosis of AID is mainly based on the patient s clinical manifestations and laboratory autoantibody testing,because AIDS is always accompanied by specific anti-nuclear antibody(ANA)fluorescence patterns and characteristic autoantibodies.Autoantibody detection has been widely used in clinical laboratories,the dense fine speckled(DFS)pattern is one of the ANA fluorescent patterns that has received attention in recent years and is listed as a mandatory report for ANA detection.There were some preliminary studies of DFS ANA and its specific autoantibodies(anti-DFS70 antibodies)in AIDThis review discusses the clinical relevance of the dense fine speckled ANA and the anti-DFS70 antibodies in AID and the clinical application value of various immunoassay methods and their clinical detection strategies,aiming to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis of AID.