无患子优株子代苗期选择及遗传参数估算

Seedling stage selection and genetic parameter estimation of the progenies of the superior plant of Sapindus mukorossi

以湖南省内外21株无患子优株种子为材料开展育苗试验研究,对21个优株子代的苗高、地径生长情况进行调查分析,估算无患子优株子代苗期生长的遗传参数,以此对无患子优株子代遗传特性进行整体评价,为往后育种策略制定提供参考。结果表明:参试的21个无患子优株子代在苗期的苗高和地径生长具有极显著差异,整个群体苗高、地径的表型遗传变异系数较大,分别达到了31.13%和25.03%,优株子代间性状变异丰富,极具选优空间;同时,无患子优株子代苗期苗高、地径遗传力分别达0.7983和0.7824,遗传变异系数分别达12.74%和8.66%,并具有极显著的相关性。相较于其他树种,无患子优株子代的遗传稳定性较高,进行优株子代选优可获得显著的遗传增益。以苗高和地径的遗传增益均大于15%作为优株子代入选条件,对21个无患子优株子代进行初步选优,初步优选出了SM21、SM5、SM4、SM17和SM9共5个优良无患子优株子代。

Taking the two-year-old Sapindus mukorossi half-sib family determination forest as the research object which established in Pailing village,You County,Hunan Province.The growth of seedling height and ground diameter of each family were investigated and analyzed,and various genetic parameters of Sapindus mukorossi seedling growth were estimated,so as to evaluate the genetic characteristics of Sapindus mukorossi as a whole,providing guidance for the formulation of breeding strategies in the future.The results showed that there were significant differences in seedling height and ground diameter growth among the 21 half-sib families.The phenotypic genetic variations of seedling height and ground diameter in the whole population was 31.13%and 25.03%,respectively.There were abundant character variations among the families,and there was great room for selection.At the same time,the heritability of seedling height and ground diameter reached 0.7983 and 0.7824,while the coefficient of genetic variation reached 12.74%and 8.66%.Compared with other tree species,the genetic stability of Sapindus mukorossi families was higher,and significant genetic gain can be obtained by family selection.Taking the genetic gain of both seedling height and ground diameter greater than 15%as the basis for family selection,21 half-sib families of Sapindus mukorossi half sib family were preliminarily selected,and 5 excellent half sib family of SM21,SM5,SM4,SM17,and SM9 were preliminarily selected.