“双减”背景下小学生家长家庭教育指导需求分析与对策建议

An Analysis of the Family Education Guidance Needs of Pupils’ Parents and the Countermeasures Under the background of “Double Reduction”

本研究旨在调查“双减”背景下小学生家庭教育现状及家长的家庭教育指导需求,为家庭教育指导服务供给提供依据,推进家庭教育指导服务体系和终身教育体系的构建。通过对天津市832位家长的实证分析,发现:家长对家庭教育指导的需求普遍较高,呈现出明显的区域性特点;时间和精力不够、缺少家庭教育的理论和方法、不了解“双减”政策对孩子的影响是家长面临的主要困难;相较于学习成绩,家长更关注孩子的习惯养成和心理健康;家长更期望从学校接受指导,更期待个性化指导和指导内容的实用性。研究表明:外来务工人员、1980年以前出生、本人不是独生子女的家长在教育孩子的过程中感到困难的频率更高;硕士及以上文化程度、家庭月收入4000元及以下的家长对家庭教育指导的需求更为强烈。家庭教育服务供给应突出个性化的家庭教育指导服务,提升家庭教育指导服务的资源配置水平,加强区域性家庭教育指导服务的示范引领。

The study aims to investigate the current situation of pupil parents’ family education and family education guidance needs in the context of “double reduction”,to provide a basis for the supply of family education guidance services,and to promote the construction of family education guidance service system and lifelong education system. Through the empirical analysis of 832 parents in Tianjin,we found that parents’ demand for family education guidance was generally high and showed obvious regional characteristics;parents’ main difficulties in educating their children were insufficient time and energy,lack of family education theories and methods,and lack of understanding of the impact of the“double reduction”policy on their children;parents were more concerned about their children’s habits and development than academic performance. Parents are more concerned about their children’s habits and mental health than academic performance;parents expect to receive guidance from schools and prefer personalized guidance and the practicality of the guidance content. Research shows that parents of migrant workers,born before 1980 and who are not only children themselves feel the difficulty of educating their children more frequently;however,parents with a master’s degree or above and a monthly family income of 4,000 yuan or less have a stronger demand for family education guidance. In response,we should highlight personalized family education guidance services,improve the level of resource allocation for family education guidance services,and strengthen the demonstration and leadership of regional family education guidance services.