论保罗·维利里奥的速度美学

On Paul Vilio’s Aesthetics of Speed

加速日益成为当下社会的显著现实并构成新的美学形态。与马克思主义美学从宏观的政治经济学维度赋予速度物质经济内涵不同,当代法国哲学家保罗·维利里奥深受梅洛-庞蒂知觉现象学的影响,从微观的具身感知切入,构建了以速度为核心的美学本体论。维利里奥认为速度是维系感知主体与现象事件之间的基本元素,速度与个体的感觉结构具有同构性。个人的感知模式与现象事件依赖于技术速度的曝光,速度被赋予现象学内涵,实时速度造就了消失的美学,消失成为当下普遍的审美体验。技术速度引发现实生活真实根基的动摇,德波、鲍德里亚的符号学美学否定媒介符号内容的真实性,维利里奥以媒介技术的形式为批判原点,指出实时的技术速度带来了主体日常生活世界中实感经验的衰退,构造了区别于鲍德里亚拟像现实的替代现实的审美范式。

Acceleration has increasingly become a prominent reality of the present society and constitutes a new aesthetic form. Different from Marxist aesthetics,which endows speed with material economic connotation from macroscopic political economy dimension,contemporary French philosopher Paul Vilio,deeply influenced by Merleau-Ponty’s perceptual phenomenology,constructs an aesthetic ontology with speed as the core from microscopic embodied perception. Vilio holds the point that speed is the basic element that maintains the relationship between the perceptual subject and the phenomenon event,and that speed and individual sensory structure are isomorphic. Personal perceptual patterns and phenomenal events depend on the exposure of technical speed,which is given phenomenological connotations. Real-time speed creates a " vanishing aesthetics".Disappearance becomes a common aesthetic experience at present. Technology speed shakes the real foundation of real life. The symbolic aesthetics of Jean Baudrillard and Guy Debord deny the authenticity of media symbol content. Vilio takes the form of media technology as the origin of his criticism and points out that the real time technological speed brings about the decline of the sense of experience in the daily life world of the subject and constructs the aesthetic paradigm of replacing reality,which is different from Baudrillard’s simulacra reality.