基于碳纤维调控的聚合物基复合材料导热性能研究进展

Research progress in thermal conductivity of polymer-basedcomposites based on carbon fiber regulation

简述了碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的热传导机理,重点介绍了通过碳纤维类型及含量、碳纤维表面改性、碳纤维取向调控等三种途径构建导热通道,分析了其对碳纤维复合材料导热性能的影响。碳纤维的本征导热系数较高,提高纤维含量对复合材料导热性能具有正向效果;碳纤维表面物理改性、化学改性及表面导热层构建均会使其与聚合物基体的相容性和界面结合强度提升,结合多尺度材料间的协同效应,可进一步增强复合材料的导热性能;而取向调控是对各向异性碳纤维的导热特性的充分利用。展望了提高碳纤维增强聚合物基复合材料导热性能的技术发展趋势,指出复合材料导热性能标准化测试方法的建立及多功能一体化碳纤维复合材料的构建有望成为未来主要发展方向。

The heat conduction mechanism of carbon fiber reinforced polymer-based composites was briefly described.Three ways to build thermal conductive channels,such as carbon fiber type and content adjustment,carbon fiber surface modification,and carbon fiber orientation regulation,were emphatically introduced.And their effects on the thermal conductivity of carbon fiber composites were analyzed.The intrinsic thermal conductivity of carbon fiber is relatively high,and the fiber content increment has a positive effect on the thermal conductivity of the composites.The physical and chemical surface modification and the construction of the surface thermal conductive layer will improve the compatibility and the interfacial bonding strength of the carbon fiber and polymer matrix.Combined with the synergistic effect of multi-scale materials,the thermal conductivity of the composite can be further enhanced.Orientation control is to make full use of the thermal conductivity of anisotropic carbon fibers.The technological development trend of enhancing the thermal conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced polymer-based composites was prospected.It was pointed out that the main development directions in the future were expected to be the establishment of standardized test methods for thermal conductivity of composites and the construction of multifunctional integrated carbon fiber composites.