马克思财富观的主体向度:历史超越与当代确认

The Subject Dimension of Marx′s View of Wealth:Historical Transcendence and Contemporary Confirmation

在马克思主义诞生之前,关于财富主体的认知经历了从“金银”到“纯产品”,再到“劳动一般”的过程,但三者对财富主体本质的界定并不以“真正的人”为起点。马克思财富观的主体确证及其社会关系实现了“两大超越”:界定“真正的财富”内涵,肯定“人的本质”在财富中的主体地位为“超越之一”;剖析财富社会关系中物质内容和社会形式的矛盾,构架社会关系的价值主体是“人”而非“物”为“超越之二”。共同富裕是马克思财富观主体向度“两大超越”的当代确认:共同富裕的人本价值和人文意蕴确认财富真正的主体本质;共同富裕中反哺、帮扶式的第三次分配确认更具主体本质的社会关系。

Before the birth of Marxism, the cognition of the subject of wealth experienced a process from being "gold and silver" to "pure products" and then to "general labor", but the three definitions of the essence of wealth subject did not start with "real people". The subject confirmation of Marx′s view of wealth and its social relations have realized "two transcendences" : for one, defining the connotation of "real wealth" and affirming the subject status of "human nature" in wealth, for another, analyzing the contradiction between material content and social form in wealth social relations and constructing "human" rather than "material" as the value subject of social relations. Common prosperity is the contemporary confirmation of the "two transcendences" of the subject dimension of Marx′s view of wealth, since the humanistic value and humanistic implication of common prosperity confirm the real subject essence of wealth, and the third distribution of back feeding and assistance in common prosperity confirms the social relationship with more subject essence.