“晚耽禅悦”——论方东树对姚鼐儒佛思想的继承与突破

“Buddhism in Deep Meditation”——On Fang Dongshu’s Inheritance and Breakthrough of the Thought of Confucianism and Buddhism from Yao Nai

方东树的“晚耽禅悦”说建立在儒佛会通的基础上,以程朱理学为思想内核,援佛入儒以深化对程朱理学的阐释,其立场与姚鼐一致。在姚鼐的基础上,方东树更深刻地阐述了儒佛之间的关系,找到了儒佛相通的学理依据——“道之本通”,表现出对姚鼐儒佛思想的继承与突破。从学术传承上说,方东树既接受了姚鼐的影响,也接受了姚范的沾溉;从主体心态上看,姚鼐借佛学以远离名利,方东树则是借佛学以消解内心不甘。

Fang Dongshu’s “Buddhism in later years” is based on the knowledge of Confucianism and Buddhism, with Cheng Zhu’s Neo-Confucianism as the ideological core, and aids Buddhism to enter Confucianism to deepen the interpretation of Cheng-Zhu NeoConfucianism. His position is consistent with that of Yao Nai. On the basis of Yao Nai, Fang Dongshu expounded the relationship between Buddhism and Confucianism more profoundly, and found the theoretical basis for the connection between Confucianism and Buddhism: “the basic connection of Taoism”, which also showed a breakthrough to Yao Nai. From the perspective of academic inheritance, Fang Dongshu accepted both Yao Nai’s influence and Yao Fan’s influence;from the perspective of the main mentality, Yao Nai used Buddhism to stay away from fame and fortune, while Fang Dongshu used Buddhism to dissolve his heart unwilling.