儿童青少年身体活动指南的国际经验与启示

International Experience and Enlightenment of Physical Activity Guidelines for Children and Adolescents

“双减”政策与新课标背景下,对国外儿童青少年身体活动指南进行梳理和比较,透视其新变化与新特征。研究发现:1)认识不断深化,指南融入了身体活动行为变化的运动连续体理论;2)实践导向性增强,身体活动推荐由过去的7天为单元变为24小时为单元;3)内容结构再优化,由“身体活动金字塔”模型转变为睡眠、久坐和运动的“三平衡”。对我国儿童青少年身体活动促进的启示:加快理念变革与实践创新,强化价值引领与政策引导相融合,重视国际互鉴与中国特色相结合,最终健全“家-校-社”协同共进、分类施策、精准指导的立体治理模式。

Under the background of“double reduction”policy and new curriculum standard,this paper sort out and compare the foreign physical activity guidelines for children and adolescents,and see through the new changes and new characteristics.The findings are as follows:1)The understanding of the theory is deepened,and the guidelines comprehensively considers the change characteristics of physical activity behavior based on the movement continuum theory;2)Practice orientation is enhanced,and physical activity recommendation has changed from 7 days to 24 hours;3)The content structure is optimized,which is changed from the“physical activity pyramid”model to the“three balance”of sleep,sedentary and exercise.Enlightenment to the promotion of physical activities of children and adolescents in China:Speed up the idea transformation and practice innovation,strengthen the integration of value guidance and policy guidance,attach importance to combine international reference with Chinese characteristics,and finally establish the stereoscopic governance mode of collaborative governance,classified policy and precise guidance based on“home-school-society”.