胃癌患者术后不同时期症状群与生活质量的相关性的纵向研究

Longitudinal study on the correlation between symptom and quality of life at different stages in postoperative patients with gastric cancer

目的:探讨胃癌患者术后不同时期的症状群和生活质量的变化情况,并分析二者的相关性,为胃癌患者术后不同时期提供精准的症状群干预提供依据。方法:采用纵向研究的方法,便利选择胃癌术后161例患者,采用一般资料调查表、安德森消化道癌症症状评估量表和癌症质量功能评价量表分别于患者术后早期、进食期和居家康复期进行调查和统计分析。结果:患者术后早期症状的发生率及严重程度较高,术后早期、进食期和康复期的症状个数分别为(11.53±4.14)个、(11.87±4.71)个、(9.74±5.58)个,患者术后不同时期症状的发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后早期生活质量最为不佳;因子分析结果显示胃癌患者术后不同时期的症状分为3个症状群,分别为能量不足症状群、消化道症状群和心理症状群;胃癌患者术后症状群严重程度得分与生活质量得分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌患者术后存在多个症状群,且症状群严重程度得分与生活质量得分呈正相关。医护人员应对胃癌术后患者症状群进行有效的动态管理以提升其生活质量。

Objective:To explore the changes of symptom and quality of life in patients with gastric cancer at different stages after operation,and to provide evidence for further and more accurate intervention.Methods:The longitudinal study was used.A total of 161 patients with gastric cancer after surgery were conveniently selected.The general information questionnaire,Anderson gastrointestinal cancer symptom assessment scale and cancer quality and function assessment scale were used to investigate the patients in the early postoperative,feeding period and home rehabilitation period,respectively.Results:The incidence and severity of symptoms at early post-operation were at high level.The number of symptoms in the early postoperative period,feeding period and recovery period were 11.53±4.14,11.87±4.71,and 9.74±5.58,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of symptoms in different periods after operation(P<0.05).The quality of life at early period of postoperative period was the worst.Factor analysis showed that gastric cancer patients could be divided into 3 symptom groups:energy deficiency,gastrointestinal symptom and psychological symptom.The postoperative symptom was positively correlated with the score of quality life.Conclusion:There are multiple symptom groups in patients with gastric cancer after operation,and the score of symptom group severity is positively correlated with the score of life quality.Medical staff should carry out effective and dynamic management of symptoms in order to improve the quality of life of patients with gastric cancer after operation.