水射流在新型TBM联合破岩中的破岩能力研究

Water Jetting in the New TBM Combined Rock Breaking Feasibility Study

隧道掘进机(Tunnel Boring Machine,简称TBM)发展至今已经有一百多年的历史,随着开挖环境的变化,以传统刀具为主要破岩形式的TBM的掘进效率已经越来越难以满足施工的需求,因此提出了新的联合破岩方法,即机械-水力联合破岩方式。主要以试验的形式,首先研究的是在不同的切割参数下,水射流切割不同的岩石所能形成的切槽的深度,然后在此试验规律的基础上,采用重复切割同一条切缝的方法增加切割深度。研究结果表明:(1)射流压力越大,切割速度越慢,切割深度越大;切割较软岩石时,靶距对切割深度有一定的影响,切割较硬岩石时,靶距对切割深度的影响较小;(2)多次重复切割能够有效的增加切割深度,但切割深度的增加程度与切割参数有关系,射流压力越大,切割速度越慢,靶距越小,切割深度增加的程度越大。研究成果对于指导TBM的改进,提高掘进效率具有重要参考价值。

The tunnel boring machine(TBM) has been developed for more than 100 years. With the changes in the excavation environment, the tunneling efficiency of TBM, which uses traditional tools as the main form of rock breaking, has become increasingly difficult to meet the requirements. Due to increasingly high construction requirements, a new combined rock breaking method is proposed, that is, a mechanical-hydraulic combined rock breaking method. This article is mainly from the approach of experiments. First, this paper studies the depth of grooves that can be formed by water jetting in cutting different rock types under different cutting parameters. Then, based on this experimental rule, the proposed water jetting adopts the method of repeatedly cutting in the same slot to increase the cutting depth. The experimental results show that:(1)The higher the water jetting pressure, the slower the cutting speed and the greater the cutting depth. When cutting softer rock types, the target distance has a certain influence on the cutting depth. When cutting harder rock types, the target distance has a certain effect on the cutting depth. The impact is small.(2)The repetitive cutting can effectively increase the cutting depth, but the increase in the cutting depth is related to the cutting parameters. The greater the water jetting pressure, the slower the cutting speed, the smaller the target distance, the greater the increase in the cutting depth. The experimental results have an important reference value for guiding the improvement of TBM and improving the tunneling efficiency.