全球安全治理视域下国际警务合作研究

On International Police Cooperation from the Perspective of Global Security Governance

全球化进程推动了国际警务合作实践不断发展,但从实然层面看,国际警务的理论假设和政策研究屡被执法实务所超越,学术研究并未实现理论指引警务实践的作用,这是当前国际警务研究亟需改变的挑战。从理论上看,全球社会契约理论、大众警务与国家警务的界分论以及博弈论、跨域治理等理论能够成为国际警务合作的理论基础,但目前尚未发展出被学界广泛认同的基本理论。实践发展为审视国际警务合作呈现了另外的视角,国际刑警组织、欧洲刑警组织、东盟国家警长会议、上合组织地区反恐怖机构等多边性、区域性国际警务机构在恐怖主义、网络犯罪、跨国有组织犯罪、毒品犯罪、人口贩运、洗钱犯罪、移民问题、新型犯罪治理等诸多安全治理中发挥了越来越重要的作用。值得注意的是,在当前世界百年未有之大变局中,逆全球化思潮暗流涌动,某种程度上也影响到国际警务合作理论与实践的发展,以“人类命运共同体”为核心理念指引下的全球安全治理,愈发凸显其重要而深远的理论价值和现实意义。

Globalization has promoted the continuous development of international police cooperation practice.However,from a practical perspective,the theoretical hypothesis and policy research of international police have been repeatedly surpassed by law enforcement practice,and academic research has not achieved the role of theory in guiding police practice.This is a challenge that needs to be changed urgently in current international police research.Theoretically,the theory of global social contract,the boundary between mass policing and national policing,game theory and cross-domain governance can be the theoretical basis of international policing cooperation,but at present,the basic theory widely recognized by the academic circles has not been developed.Practice presents another perspective for examining international police cooperation.Multilateral and regional international police organizations such as Interpol,Europol,ASEAN Police Conference,and SCO regional anti-terrorism organizations have played an increasingly important role in many security governance such as terrorism,cyber crime,transnational organized crime,drug crime,human trafficking,money laundering crime,immigration problem,and new crime governance.It is worth noting that in the current great changes in the world that have never happened in a hundred years,the undercurrent of anti-globalization thoughts has also affected the development of international police cooperation theory and practice to some extent.The global security governance guided by the core concept of"Community of Shared Future for Mankind"has increasingly highlighted its important and far-reaching theoretical value and practical significance.