中国共产党百年警务政策的变迁

The Institutional Change of the Police Policy of the Great Party in the Past Hundred Years

党的警务政策是推进国家治理现代化的重要制度遵循。因受政治环境、国家重心以及实践认知等复杂因素的多重制约,党的警务政策在不同历史时期呈现出不同样态。具言之,新中国成立以前,党的警务政策主要集中于“保卫党政机关,维护革命秩序”;由新中国成立到改革开放,党的警务政策将无产阶级专政作为行动指南,力求建立革命秩序,巩固人民民主专政;由改革开放至今,“以经济建设为中心”的国家定位使得党的警务政策的主要任务转向服务于经济社会发展;同时,依法治国的全面推进和复杂多变的内外情势使得新时代党的警务政策更加注重自身建设,并确立了新时代建警的总方针和总要求。可以说,党和国家在特定历史时期的根本任务和工作重心决定着党的警务政策的具体内容和目标指向。

The party’s policing policy is an important system to promote the modernization of national governance.Due to the multiple constraints of complex factors such as political environment,national focus and practical cognition,the party’s policing policy presents different forms in different historical periods.In other words,before the founding of new China,the political atmosphere of white terror made the party’s policing policy mainly focus on"defending the party and government organs and maintaining the revolutionary order".From the founding of new China to the reform and opening up,the severe political environment made the party’s policing policy take the proletarian dictatorship as a guide to action,and strive to establish a revolutionary order and consolidate the people’s democratic dictatorship.Since the reform and opening up,the national orientation of"taking economic construction as the center"has made the main task of the party’s policing policy turn to serve the economic and social development.At the same time,the comprehensive promotion of the rule of law and the complex and changeable internal and external situation make the party’s policing policy pay more attention to its own construction in the new era,and establish the general policy and requirements of police construction in the new era.It can be said that the basic tasks and focus of work of the party and the state in a specific historical period determine the specific content and goal of the party’s policing policy.