淀粉纳米颗粒的制备及应用研究进展

Research Progress on Preparation and Application of Starch Nanoparticles

淀粉是一种来源广泛、价格低廉、可再生可降解的生物聚合物。随着纳米技术的不断发展,淀粉纳米颗粒因其不同于天然淀粉的独特性质而备受关注,逐渐成为研究热点。本文介绍了不同来源淀粉的结构特点,概述了自上而下和自下而上制备淀粉纳米颗粒的方法和各种制备方法的优缺点,综述了淀粉纳米颗粒在Pickering乳液的稳定、复合材料的性能提升、靶向药物的运载和工业废水的吸附等方面发挥的作用,并对其在食品、工业、医学等领域的应用前景进行展望,旨在为淀粉纳米颗粒的研究提供理论依据。

Starch is a kind of biodegradable biopolymer with a wide range of sources and low price. With the development of nanotechnology, starch nanoparticles have become a research hotspot due to their unique properties different from native starch. In this paper, the structure characteristics of different sources of starch is introduced, the preparation of starch nanoparticles of top-down and bottom-up method and the advantages and disadvantages of various preparation methods are summarized, the effects of starch nanoparticles on Pickering emulsion stability, performance improvement of composite material, delivery of targeted drug and adsorption of industrial waste water are reviewed, and the application prospect of starch nanoparticles in food, industry, medicine and other fields is prospected in order to provide the theoretical basis for the research of starch nanoparticles.