工程科技工作者工匠精神的形成机制:模型与实证

The Craftsmanship Spirit of Sci-tech Workers in Engineering:A model and empirical case

弘扬工匠精神已经成为创新型国家建设的重要内容,回答“如何培育”的问题需要追溯工匠精神形成的本源。在MOA理论框架基础上,提出基于工作动机、工作机会、工作能力和创新素质的工匠精神模型,解释工程科技工作者的工匠精神微观机制。运用偏最小二乘法结构方程模型检验,得出如下结论:工作动机、工作机会和工作能力作为独立要素均正向显著影响工匠精神的形成;在纳入创新素质作为调节变量后,工作动机对工匠精神的作用加强,工作机会对工匠精神的作用减弱,而工作能力的影响没有变化;工程科技工作者的工龄与职称等外部因素与工匠精神的形成没有明显关系。

The cultivation of craftsmanship spirit is an important part of the construction of an innovative country.The problem of"how to cultivate"needs to be traced back to the origin of the craftsmanship spirit.Based on MOA model,a craftsmanship spirit model of scientific and technological(sci-tech)workers in engineering is constructed from four aspects:Motivation to Sci-tech work(MtoST),Opportunity to Sci-tech work(OtoST),Ability to Sci-tech work(AtoST)and Literacy to Innovation(LtoI).The following conclusions are drawn by PLS-SEM:MtoST,OtoST and AtoST,as independent factors,have a significant positive impact on the formation of craftsmanship spirit.After LtoI is included in the moderating variable,the effect of MtoST on craftsmanship spirit is enhanced,and the effect of OtoST on craftsmanship spirit is weakened,while the effect of AtoST remains unchanged.In addition,external factors such as working hours and craft level have no effect on the formation of craftsmanship spirit.