国内外非水相液体污染场地调查评估及风险管控研究进展

Research progress on investigation,assessment and risk management of non-aqueous phase liquid contaminated sites at home and abroad

非水相液体(NAPL)污染问题受到国内外广泛关注,对相关调查技术、风险评估及风险管控研究进展进行梳理。结果表明:NAPL污染场地调查研究从定性到定量,从实验到数值模拟,从非地球物理探测到地球物理探测,从孤立至系统不断深入。风险评估研究从实验室研究到现场实验,从利用NAPL单指标风险评估到分组风险评估,从单独建模到集成建模,从复杂模型到筛选模型;研究集中于描述污染源、制定风险评估目标、评估蒸汽入侵风险、量化不确定性等方面。发达国家风险管控技术已经成熟完善,风险管控理念贯穿整个修复过程;中国主要关注石油烃污染场地风险管控。最后,从NAPL调查、评估、风险管控及法律法规与技术规范建设4方面提出未来研究展望。

The problem of non-aqueous phase liquid(NAPL)pollution has been widely concerned at home and abroad.The research progress of investigation technology,risk assessment and risk management and control had been sorted out.The results showed that the research of investigation of NAPL polluted sites were from qualitative to quantitative,from experiment to numerical simulation,from non-geophysical detection to geophysical detection,from isolation to systematic,the research continued to deepen.Risk assessment research had changed from laboratory studies to field experiments,from risk assessment using NAPL aggregated indicators to grouped risk assessment,from individual modeling to integrated modeling,and from complex models to screening models,research focused on describing pollution sources,scientifically formulating risk assessment targets,assessing steam intrusion risk,and quantifying risk assessment uncertainty etc.Risk management and control technologies in developed countries were mature and perfect,and the concept of risk management and control had run through the entire restoration process.China mainly focused on risk management and control of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites.Finally,the future research prospect was put forward from four aspects of NAPL investigation,evaluation,risk management and control,and the construction of laws,regulations and technical specifications.