公铁货流转移下铁路车流径路与列车编组计划联合优化

Joint Optimization of Car Routing and Train Formation Plan Based on Transfer of Freight Flow from Road to Railway

促进更多货流从公路转移到铁路是实现“双碳”目标的重要路径之一,也是推动铁路高质量发展的关键举措。鉴于此,本文以公铁货流转移量、铁路车流径路选择及编组去向等为主要决策变量,以公铁两网物流总成本极小化为目标,构建公铁货流转移量与铁路车流径路及列车编组计划联合优化模型,实现“公转铁”货流全过程、多阶段运输费用的数学表达,得到系统优化的OD间公铁货流转移量、车流走行径路和改编站点。针对模型的非线性特征,引入辅助0-1变量进行线性化,将其转化为混合整数线性规划模型,为验证模型有效性设计算例,借助数学规划优化器GUROBI进行求解。结果表明,模型可为公铁货流转移方案配置合理的接驳路径和列车编组方案;相较于既有研究,本文构建模型考虑了公铁两端的接驳转运费用和铁路车流集结与改编费用,使得“公转铁”物流总成本增加了约23.06%,转移货流量降低了约4.91%,更准确地描述了公铁货流转移过程,为制定“公转铁”运输方案和组织措施提供一定的理论依据。

Promoting the transfer of more freight flows from roadway to railway is an important strategy to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, which is also a key measure to promote railway development. The proposed method takes the freight transfer volume from road to rail, the choice of car flow route and formation direction as the main decision variables. A joint optimization model of the freight transfer volume, car flow route and train formation plan are developed to mini-mize the comprehensive transportation cost of roadway and railway networks. The model describes the transportation cost of transferred freight flow in mathematical formula, and obtains the optimal freight transfer volume, the car flow route and the recombination station through the model solution. For the non-linear characteristics of the model, assistant binary variables are designed to transform the model into a linear model, which can be solved by the optimization solver GUROBI. Through the numerical experiments, it was found that the model can configure a reasonable connection route and train formation plan for the freight flow transfer scheme.Compared with the existing research, the proposed model takes into account the connecting cost of the highway and railway and the cost of train accumulation and recombination, which increases the total logistics cost by about 23.06%,and reduces the transfer freight flow by about 4.91%. The model can accurately describe the process of road to railway freight flow transfer and provides theoretical references for creating the transporta-tion plan and organizational schemes.