钢轨扣件弹条填充阻尼结构的优化设计

Optimization Design of Track Fastener′s Elastic Rod Filled Damping Structure

采用Solidworks软件建立了WJ-2型弹条扣件三维有限元模型,对弹条在自由状态和标准安装状态下的固有频率和振型进行了分析,得知该弹条在服役状态下与轮轨波磨激励一致时易引发共振,且其共振频率位于尾部支承位置,与现场断裂位置一致。基于此,在不影响WJ-2型弹条扣件配套设施的前提下,对该弹条结构进行优化设计,并分别对弹条内腔掏空后无填充阻尼材料、填充橡胶及填充铁素体球墨铸铁等3种工况进行仿真分析。结果表明,弹条内腔填充灰口铸铁时,其减振性能良好,但力学性能不佳;弹条内腔填充铁素体球墨铸铁时,其力学性能良好,但收效同样不明显。

Solidworks software is adopted to construct WJ-2 elastic rod 3 D finite element model.Analysis of the intrinsic frequency and vibration type of the elastic rod in free state and standard installation state is carried out.It is found that the elastic rod can easily cause resonance when being in service and consistent with wheel-rail corrugation excitation,and its resonance frequency domain is at the tail supporting position,same as the fracture position on site.Based on this,under the premises of no impact on the auxiliary facilities of WJ-2 rod fastener,an optimization design of the elastic rod structure is carried out.Simulation analysis is conducted respectively on the three working conditions of rod filled no damping material after the inner canvity is emptied,filled with rubber,filled with ferrite ductile iron.Results show that when the elastic rod cavity is filled with ferrosteel,the vibration reduction effect is good,while mechanical performance is under expectation.When the rod cavity is filled with ferrite ductile iron,the mechanical performance is good while the convergence effect is not evident as well.