中国东部地区旅游业高质量发展水平测评与障碍因子分析

Evaluation and Analysis of Obstacle Factors of the High-quality Development of Tourism in the East of China

在构建旅游业高质量发展评价指标体系的基础上,利用熵值法和探索性空间数据分析对中国东部地区11个省市的旅游业高质量发展水平进行测度与时空演化特征分析,并利用障碍度模型计算了不同地区的旅游业高质量发展主要障碍因子及其障碍度。结果发现:1.从综合水平来看,2013—2018年东部地区旅游业高质量发展水平处于中等水平,呈现波动上升的趋势,各省市综合水平的提升幅度差异较大,水平演变轨迹表现为多种类型,各地区旅游业高质量发展水平在所选时期内存在不同的发展状态,“核心—外围”区域差异明显。2.从标准层来看,截至2018年,七大标准层贡献度大小依次为创新发展、协调发展、开放发展、共享发展、绿色发展、有效发展和产业发展活力;各标准层指数均有不同程度的提升,不同等级省市在7个标准层上的评价得分具有不平衡性,各省市优劣势有所差异。3.从障碍因子分析来看,景区业比较生产率、城(乡)居民旅游收入弹性、产业结构合理化程度等是制约东部地区旅游业高质量发展水平最主要的障碍因子。

Based on the construction of an evaluation index system for the high-quality development of the tourism industry,this article analyses the high-quality tourism development in 11 provinces and cities in the east of China by using the entropy method and exploratory spatial data,and calculates the main obstacle factors and obstacle degrees of high-quality tourism development in different regions by using the obstacle degree model.The results found that:(1)from the perspective of the overall level,the high-quality development level of tourism in the east of China from 2013 to 2018 was at a medium level,showing a fluctuating upward trend.The improvement range of the comprehensive level of each province and city is quite different,and the level of evolution shows a variety of types.There are differences of high-quality tourism development in different regions in the selected period,especially the differences in regions from center to periphery are obvious;(2)from the perspective of the standard level,by 2018,the order of contribution of the seven standard levels is innovation development,coordinated development,open development,shared development,green development,effective development and industrial development vitality;the index of each standard level has been improved to varying degrees,the evaluation scores of different provinces and cities on the 7 standard levels are not balanced,and the advantages and disadvantages of each province and city are different;(3)from the analysis of obstacle factors,the comparative productivity of scenic spot industry,the elasticity of tourism income of urban(rural)residents and the degree of rationalization of industrial structure are the main obstacle factors restricting the high-quality development of tourism in the eastern region.