高熵陶瓷的制备与应用

Preparation and application of high-entropy ceramics

高熵陶瓷作为一种先进陶瓷材料,因其具有较大的构型熵和独特的晶格结构,近年来成为研究热点。相比于最早提出的高熵合金,高熵陶瓷由于其微观结构的不同,在无序构型中具有了更高的熵稳定性。本文从阐述高熵陶瓷的定义开始,概述了近年来不同体系高熵陶瓷的物理化学特性;总结了不同形态高熵陶瓷的合成路径,对高熵陶瓷在力学性能、低导热性、热电性以及催化作用等特性方面的广泛应用进行了整理归纳;展望了未来高熵陶瓷材料的开发思路。

As advanced materials, high entropy ceramics have become a research hotspot because of their large configuration entropy and unique lattice structure. Compared with the earliest proposed high-entropy alloys, high-entropy ceramics have higher entropy stability in disordered configurations due to their different microstructures. In this paper, the physicochemical properties of different systems and their synthesis routes were summarized, and the extensive applications in mechanical properties, low thermal conductivity, thermoelectricity and catalysis were summarized in detail. The new strategy for the development of high-entropy ceramics in the future are prospected.