教育惩戒中的“法”与“教”及其实践探索

“Law”and“Education”in Educational Discipline and Its Exploration of Practice

通过考察相关法律文本和学界理论,本文认为教育惩戒是指在学校教育环境中教师依法对违规学生所施加的否定性体验以形成良好教育秩序的行为。法律对教育惩戒作了具体的规定,但要使规定落实尚有许多工作要做。教育惩戒具有一定超越性,具体表现在其体验性、秩序性和自律性等方面。“教”与“法”的核心在于重视主体之间的权力、伦理以及情感等要素,并以此为契机推进主体的全面发展。“法”与“教”的实践要义体现在:一是指向教师自我发展,即提升自我素养、加强风险管控和形成惩戒特色;二是指向法律完善,即调动主体参与、把控细则详略和完善相关法律;三是指向社会协同,即引导相关舆论、形成有效监督和明晰惩戒实质。

Through the investigation of relevant legal texts and academic theories,it is believed that educational discipline refers to the behavior of negative experience imposed by teachers on students who violate the rules in the school education environment to form a good educational order.Although the law stipulates specific regulations in clear terms,there is still a certain distance from practice.Educational discipline has a certain transcendence,which is specifically manifested in its experience,order and self-discipline.The core of the concepts of“education”and“law”is to attach importance to the power,ethics,and emotions among the subjects,and use this as an opportunity to promote the all-round development of the subject.The practical principles of“Law”and“Education”are embodied in:First,it points to teachers’self-development,that is,to improve self-literacy,strengthen risk management and control,and form disciplinary characteristics;the second is to improve the law,that is,to mobilize the main body to participate,and to control detailed rules and regulations and improve relevant laws;the third is to point to social coordination,that is,to guide relevant public opinion,form effective supervision and clarify the essence of discipline.