从审视封建到利用传统——新启蒙运动对传统文化的容受与推演

From Examining Feudalism to Using Tradition——The New Enlightenment Movement’s Tolerance and Deduction of Traditional Culture

本位文化讨论使传统文化的价值问题受到关注,是催生新启蒙运动的重要事件。在回应国民党右翼分子抵制新启蒙运动的过程中,中国共产党及左翼知识界开始容受中国悠久历史中宝贵的文化资源。全面抗战爆发后,运动重心转向文艺大众化,启发民众抗战意识成为该运动的主题。知识分子接触与改造旧形式的过程中衍生出了“文艺民族形式”的论争,使传统文化的“新旧之争”再次引起讨论。此时,毛泽东提出了新民主主义文化观,形成了正确审视传统文化的辩证视角,代替了新启蒙运动的文化主张,成为之后新民主主义文化建设的指南。

The discussion of standard culture drew attention from the value of traditional culture and was an important event that spawned the New Enlightenment Movement. In response to the Kuomintang right-wingers’ resistance to the New Enlightenment Movement,the CCP and left-wing intellectuals began to tolerate the precious cultural resources of China’s long history. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,the focus of the movement shifted to the popularization of literature and art,and the inspiration people’s awareness of the War became the theme of the movement. In the process of intellectuals contacting and transforming the old form,the debate about the “national form of literature and art” had spawned,and the “controversy between the old and the new” in traditional culture aroused discussion again. At this time,Mao Zedong put forward a new democratic cultural view,formed a dialectical perspective to correctly examine traditional culture,replaced the cultural proposition of the New Enlightenment Movement,and became a guide for the construction of new democratic culture in the future.