基于合作位态的国家科研实力测度——以ESI高被引论文为例

A Novel Metric for National Research Strength Based on Cooperation Status——An Empirical Analysis of ESI Highly Cited Papers

为了客观把握和认识中国在高水平学术研究中的自主可控和主导引领能力,本文综合考虑合作国家的合作位态,从科研自立与学术贡献双重视角设计国家科研自立指数与国家学术贡献度,构建国家科研实力测度模型,并对中国和G7国家在ESI高被引论文中的科研实力水平进行测度。结果表明:美国对世界高水平研究做出的学术贡献最大,中国也表现出很强的竞争潜能;中国高水平科学研究表现出较强的独立自主性,但这种独立自主更多地表现在独立发表论文,尚未在国际合作网络中表现出引领性的独立自主;综合科研自立和学术贡献,美国仍是当今科研实力水平最高的科技强国;国家科研实力指数值与发文量和GDP高度相关,与创新指数呈现弱相关性,说明基础研究与创新应用直接关系较弱。

In order to objectively grasp and understand China s independent,controllable and leading capabilities in high-level academic research,this paper comprehensively considers the cooperation status of the cooperative countries from the perspective of paper cooperation,designs the research self-reliance index and national academic contribution from the perspectives of self-reliance and self-strengthening respectively,and constructs the metric model of national scientific research strength,and measures the scientific research strength level of China and G7 countries in ESI highly cited papers.The results show the followings.The United States has made the greatest academic contribution to the world s high-level research,and China also shows strong competitive potential.China s high-level scientific research shows strong independence,but this independence is more manifested in publication without cooperation with other countries,and China has not yet shown leading independence in international cooperation networks.Combining“self-reliance”and“self-strengthening”,the United States remains the most competitive in science and technology.The national research strength index is highly correlated with the science product and GDP,and weakly correlated with the innovation index significantly,which means the direct relationship between basic research and innovation application is weak comparatively.