新时代加快理科类专业紧缺人才高质量培养研究——基于IPOE理论框架的476位理科专家访谈分析

Research on High-Quality and Rapid Training of Urgently-Needed Science Talents in the New Era of China——Analysis of Interviews with 476 Science Experts Based on the IPOE Theoretical Framework

理工农医紧缺人才培养是当前中国面临的重大任务,而理科类高精尖人才短缺是突破“卡脖子”技术的最大瓶颈。本研究构建理科人才培养质量评价的IPOE理论框架模型,基于476位理科专家的调研访谈,从输入、过程、产出和效应4个方面展开分析。研究发现科学精神缺失和成才动力不足是中国理科人才培养的突出问题,体现在高校理科人才培养理念不合理、师资队伍建设不充分、培养模式落后、培养质量不高、评价导向偏颇和社会效应低下。加快理科类专业紧缺人才高质量培养,中国亟需在总量控制中依据紧缺专业方向树立理科紧缺人才培养新理念,支持建立理科综合实践基地,构建学科交叉培养体系,轮训提升教师育才水平,改革评价促进原始创新。

It is a major task for China to cultivate the urgently-needed talents of science,engineering,agriculture and medicine.The shortage of science professional high-precision talents is the biggest bottleneck for China to break through the“bottle-neck”technology.This research constructs a theoretical framework model of IPOE for evaluating the quality of science talents training.Based on the survey and interviews of 476 science experts,it analyzes the issue from four aspects named as input,process,output and effect,and finds that the deficiency of scientific spirit and lack of motivation to become talents are the prominent problems of science talents training in China,which are reflected in the unreasonable concept of talents cultivation,inadequate construction of faculty,backward training mode,low quality of training,biased evaluation orientation and low social effect of science in universities.To accelerate the high-quality training of urgently-needed science talents,China urgently needs to establish a new ideology for the training of urgently-needed science talents based on the direction of scarce specialties in total control,support the establishment of science comprehensive practice bases,build an interdisciplinary training system,rotate training to improve teachers level of talent training,and reform evaluation to promote original innovation.