萌发期低温胁迫对谷子幼苗生长及产量的影响

Effects of Low Temperature Stress at Germination Stage on Seedling Growth and Yield of Foxtail Millet

为选育耐低温谷子新品种,以耐冷性谷子品种嫩选14,冷敏感谷子品种鲁谷7号为试验材料,采用盆栽与大田试验相结合的方法,在萌发期进行8℃胁迫3 d后,恢复至28℃培养7 d,测定各处理下的秧苗素质相关指标及生理指标,移栽大田后在成熟期测定产量及产量构成因素。结果表明,谷子经低温胁迫后,2个品种出苗率出现不同程度的下降,秧苗素质各指标均显著降低,耐冷品种下降幅度较小。低温胁迫处理下谷子幼苗叶片的SOD活性及POD活性均显著升高,脯氨酸含量及MDA含量均显著增加,其中耐冷品种具有更强的保护性酶活性。与对照相比,两个品种的各生育时期均延长,穗粒数与产量均降低,其中冷敏感品种鲁谷7号的产量下降14.1%,耐冷品种嫩选14的产量下降6.5%。

In order to breed new millet varieties with low temperature tolerance,this study used cold-tolerant variety Nenxuan 14 and cold-sensitive variety Lugu 7 as experimental materials.Pot experiment and field experiment were conducted.After being stressed at 8℃for 3 days during germination,the seedlings were cultured at 28℃for 7 days,and the related indexes and physiological indexes of each treatment were determined.After transplanting to the field,the yield and yield components were determined at maturity.The results showed that after low temperature stress,the emergence rate of two foxtail millet varieties decreased in different degrees,all indexes of seedling quality decreased significantly,and the decline of cold-tolerant varieties was small.Under low temperature stress,the activities of SOD and POD in leaves of foxtail millet seedlings were significantly increased,and the contents of Pro and MDA were significantly increased,among which cold-tolerant varieties had stronger protective enzyme activities.Compared with the control,the growth periods of the two varieties were prolonged,and the grain number per ear and yield were decreased.The yield of cold sensitive variety Lugu 7 decreased by 14.1%,and that of cold tolerant variety Nenxuan 14 decreased by 6.5%.