国家建设、社会主义与历史视野——理解现行宪法文本的三重视角

State Construction, Socialism and Historical Perspective:Three Perspectives of Comprehending the Current Constitution

国家建设、社会主义、历史视野,可以成为理解现行宪法文本的三重方法论视角。以国家建设为线索阅读现行宪法文本,序言,可被视为制宪权与国家建设方案记载;国家机构条款,是国家治理的宪法制度供给;国家结构形式条款,体现了国家建设的空间维度;社会主义核心价值观条款等内容,则起到了塑造国家认同的作用。至于如何理解中华人民共和国国家建设取得成功的缘由,民族区域自治制度等基本政治制度的本质属性以及基本经济制度等条款的宪制意义,则需要“以社会主义为方法”。最后,还需要在历史视野中理解现行宪法,历史解释本身即宪法解释的基本方法;成文宪法本身,也是阐释现代中国从哪里来、走向何方的这一宪制成长根本性命题的民族史诗。

State construction, socialism, and historical perspectives can be three methodological perspectives for comprehending the current constitutional text. If we read the text of the current constitution in light of national construction, the preamble can be regarded as records of constitutional power and national construction plan;the clauses on state institutions provide constitutional support for national governance;the clauses on the form of state structure in the constitution reflect the spatial dimension of national construction;the provisions of socialist core values play the role of shaping national identity. As for how to understand the reasons for the success of state building in New China, the essential attributes of the basic political system such as the regional national autonomy system, and the constitutional significance of the basic economic system and other provisions, it is necessary to “take a socialist approach” as a method. Finally, since historical interpretation itself is the basic method of constitutional interpretation, it is also necessary to comprehend the current constitution from a historical perspective. The written constitution itself is a national epic that illuminates the fundamental proposition of the constitutional growth in response to the questions of where the modern China came from and where it is heading.