肠道微生物与首发抑郁症的关系分析

Relationship between gut microbes and first-episode depression

目的 分析肠道微生物与首发抑郁症的关系。方法 选取本院92例首发抑郁症患者纳入抑郁症组,并取同期年龄、性别构成等匹配体检健康者50例作为对照组,评估其24项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-24)评分,并于量表评估完成24 h内进行新鲜粪便的收集,以PCR法定性分析16S rRNA V3-V4可变区,并采用Pearson法分析菌群与HAMD-24评分的相关性。结果 两组菌群多样性指数(Ace、Chao、Shannon、Simpson)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);主坐标分析(PCoA)显示两组肠道微生物群落构成有差异。LEfSe结果显示,首发抑郁症患者以拟杆菌门、β-变形菌纲、产碱菌科、幽门螺杆菌和伯克菌目等肠道微生物为主;对照组优势菌主要包括厚壁菌门、乳酸杆菌目和双歧杆菌科等。抑郁症组厚壁菌门、放线菌门、柔壁菌门、Ruminococcus、Subdoligranulum、Enterobacter、Coprococcus、Bifidobacterium、Lactobacillus丰度明显低于对照组(P<0.05),拟杆菌门、Klebsiella、Flavonifractor、Bacteroides丰度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。HAMD-24评分与拟杆菌门、Flavonifractor、Bacteroides呈正相关(P<0.05),与厚壁菌门、放线菌门、柔壁菌门、Ruminococcus、Subdoligranulum、Coprococcus、Lactobacillus呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 首发抑郁症患者肠道微生物α-多样性与正常人相似,但β-多样性与菌群丰度发生了异常改变,这些改变和首发抑郁症病情密切相关。

Objective To analyze the relationship between gut microbes and first-onset depression. Methods Ninety-two patients with first-onset depression(depression group) and 50 healthy individuals of matching age and gender composition(control group) were enrolled. The 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24) scores were evaluated, and fresh excreta were collected within 24 hours after evaluation. The 16 S rRNA V3-V4 variable region was qualitatively analyzed using polymerase chain reaction(PCR), and Pearson analysis was performed to discuss the correlation between gut microbes and HAMD-24 score. Results There were no significant differences in microbial diversity indexes(Ace, Chao, Shannon, Simpson) between the two groups(P>0.05). Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA) found that the compositions of gut microbes in the two groups showed a split trend. LEfSe analysis found that Bacteroides, β-Proteobacteria, Alcaligenes, Helicobacter pylori and Burkholderia were main gut microbes in patients with first-onset depression. Dominant bacteria in the control group mainly included Firmicutes, Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteriaceae. The abundances of Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, Tenericutes, Ruminococcus, Subdoligranulum, Enterobacter, Coprococcus, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus in the depression group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05), while Bacteroides, Klebsiella, Flavonifractor, and Bacteroides were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). HAMD-24 score was positively correlated with Bacteroides, Flavonifractor, and Bacteroides(P<0.05), and negatively correlated with Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, Tenericutes, Ruminococcus, Subdoligranulum, Coprococcus, and Lactobacillus(P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with first-episode depression have similar microbial α-diversity with normal people, but the α-diversity and microbial abundance change abnormally, which is closely related to the condition of first-episode depression.