“新工科”背景下大类招生专业分流引导和实践探索

Diverting guidance and practical exploration of major enrollment under “new engineering ” background

近年来,大部分高校为了优化人才培养模式和提高人才培养质量,都采用了大类招生,专业分流的人才培养新模式。在进行专业分流时,由于存在学生选择专业时的灵活性不高、专业设置不合理、学位体系不科学等问题,一定程度上影响了专业人才的培养效果。为解决上述问题,可对学生先进行基础教育,再以学生自身兴趣和双向选择为原则进行专业分流,通过向学生详细介绍专业情况、组织学生参加各种类型的生产活动和鼓励学生参加技能大赛等多种形式,加深学生对专业的了解,提升学生的学习兴趣,引导学生正确合理地选择适合自己的专业,以利于培养出符合当今社会需求的创新型专业人才。

In recent years, in order to optimize the talent training mode and improve the quality of talent training,most universities have adopted the new talent training mode of major enrollment, major diversion. In the implementation of "major diversion", there are some problems, such as students’ low flexibility in choosing majors, unreasonable specialty setting, and unscientific degree system, which affect the training effect of professional talents to a certain extent.In order to solve the above problems, students’ cognition and interest in the major are cultivated and students are guided to choose their appropriate major correctly and reasonably, through the introduction of major features, various kinds of visiting activities and encouraging students to participate in various competitions and other ways and methods. It is benefit to the cultivate innovative professional talents in line with the needs of today’s society.