自然保护地自然教育资源分类与评价——以神农架国家公园为例

Classification and evaluation of natural educational resources in the protected areas:A case study of Shennongjia National Park

自然教育是生态文明建设的有力抓手及重要内容。自然保护地具有良好的自然资源禀赋,为自然教育实践提供活动场地及教育资源基础。在界定分析自然教育相关概念及内涵基础上,提出自然保护地自然教育资源分类方案,包括自然事物、场地设施、自然文化3项主类,9个亚类、48种基本类型;综合运用层次分析法和德尔菲法构建包括教育价值、资源质量、开发条件3层要素、10项指标的自然教育资源评价体系;以神农架国家公园为例进行自然教育资源分类及评价的实证分析。结果表明,构建的自然教育资源分类方案及评价体系具有科学性、普适性与可操作性,可在自然保护地自然教育资源的调查、分类与评价中推广,为自然保护地的自然教育开发利用提供科学参考。

The natural education is a powerful grasp and important content of ecological civilization construction.The protected area has good endowment of the natural resources,which provides activity site and educational resource foundation for natural educational practice.On the basis of defining and analyzing the concept and connotation of natural education and natural educational resource,this paper put forward the classification scheme of natural educational resources in the protected areas,including 3 main categories of natural things,activity sites and natural culture,9 subcategories and 48 basic types.We constructed an evaluation system of natural educational resources from educational value,resource quality and development conditions with 10 indicators by using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Delphi Method.Finally,as an example of Shennongjia National Park,we classified and evaluated its natural educational resources.The results show that the classification scheme and evaluation system of natural educational resources constructed in this study are scientific,universal and operable,which can be popularized in the investigation,classification and evaluation of natural educational resources in protected areas,and provide scientific reference for the development and utilization of natural educational resources in the protected areas.