编织聚合物

Woven Polymers

编织聚合物是高分子科学与传统编织相结合的产物.同普通聚合物材料相比,编织的经纬线程赋予了编织聚合物材料独特的网络拓扑以及丰富的力学性能.但是,编织聚合物作为一类新兴的高分子材料,其在结构调控、性能探究以及应用拓展方面仍需进一步发展.因此,本文从分子结出发,详细介绍了小分子打结的发展对于构建编织聚合物的推动作用;随后,总结了现有晶态编织聚合物以及柔性编织聚合物的构筑方法、性能研究以及相关的应用尝试;最后,指出了编织聚合物在当前发展阶段所面临的关键问题与挑战.以期通过本文的概述,为推动编织聚合物领域的快速发展提供参考,也为新型功能高分子材料的研发提供新思路.

From the earliest knots to various contemporary fabrics with exquisite patterns,weaving has been throughout the entire history of human civilization.The highly ordered warp and weft threads synergistically endow the woven materials with unique topologies and rich mechanical properties.Inspired by this,researchers attempt to integrate the woven topologies into polymer science,and develop new polymeric materials with well defined structures-woven polymers.Woven polymers are a kind of polymer networks constructed by cross-nodes as the basic units and cross-linking with each other,which are mainly divided into two categories:one is crystalline woven polymers,which possess long-range ordered molecular woven threads,mainly including metal organic frameworks(MOFs)and covalent organic frameworks(COFs),etc.;the other type is flexible woven polymers,which are generally unordered over long ranges,while the incorporation of woven crosslinks can significantly enhance the physical and chemical properties of the polymers,similar to what the macroscopic woven structures do.In the woven polymer networks,the dynamically woven cross-links can effectively dissociate to dissipate energy under external stimuli,giving the entire polymer networks excellent dynamicity and toughness.Meanwhile,the warp and weft threads can slip relatively after the dissociation of the dynamic site,so that the stress could be transmitted to the entire polymer network,and the strength and resilience of the network are improved while the stability of the weaving topology is maintained.Therefore,the woven polymers have broad application prospects in the construction of mechanically stable crystalline framework materials and new flexible functional polymer materials.However,as an emerging polymer material system,woven polymers still need further development in terms of structure optimization,performance exploration and application expansion.This review first focuses on the molecule knots,introducing various construction strategies in detail and expounding their vital roles in the development of woven polymers.Then,we summarize the construction methods,performance tests and related attempts on application of existing crystalline woven polymers and flexible woven polymers.Finally,the key scientific issues and challenges in the field of woven polymers are discussed and the future application prospects are prospected.It is firmly believed that woven polymers are a very bright field of research,possessing new and interesting aspects waiting to be explored and discovered.It is anticipated that this review will provide references and clear veins for the rapid development of woven polymers,and new approaches for the research of new functional polymer materials.