绘本情绪主题辅导对幼儿情绪与问题行为影响的研究

The Influence of the Emotion Theme Picture Books Tutoring on Emotion and Behavioral Problems in Preschoolers

《幼儿园教育指导纲要》把“情绪安定、愉快”作为幼儿园课程重要目标之一,《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南》也对促进幼儿情绪发展提出了相应的要求。当前国内关于幼儿情绪教育的研究主要以思辨性研究为主,实证干预行动研究较少。基于学前儿童情绪发展理论和阅读治疗原理,设计让幼儿正确认识情绪、了解体验情绪以及克服不良情绪行为的《绘本情绪主题辅导课程》方案,对小班(3~4岁)幼儿进行为期4个月的干预行动研究,针对实验组和对照组进行儿童长处和困难调查(教师版和家长版)测评工具的前、后测,共收集实验组幼儿138人和对照组幼儿142人之教师、家长问卷调查数据。分析发现,实施辅导课程干预后的实验组,相对于对照组,教师与家长评价幼儿情绪与问题行为改善取得更大的进步,显示情绪主题辅导能有效促进小班幼儿情绪与问题行为的改善,并从行动研究中萃取重要的有效因子:选择合适的绘本载体、设计科学的辅导方案、实施多元化教育策略、共同体优势互补等,为幼儿园开展情绪主题辅导或其他情绪课程提供有益借鉴。

Set byGuidance on Kindergarten Education, emotional stability and happiness became one of the important goals of the kindergarten curriculum. The Learning andDevelopment Guide for Children Aged 3 to6 also puts forward corresponding requirements for promoting children’s emotional development. At present, the domestic research on preschooler’s emotional education is done mainly by speculative research method, and there is few empirical research to examine the intervention efforts and action research. Based on the emotional development theory and the reading therapy principles for preschoolers, the program ofEmotion Theme Picture Books Tutoring Subject,which covers three aspects of emotional counseling, is made. This allows children to correctly recognize emotions, understand emotions and overcome negative emotional behaviors. A four month intervention research on early preschoolers(3 ~ 4 years old) was conducted. A survey of children’s strengths and difficulties(teacher version and parent version) was conducted for the experimental group and the control groups based on pretest and posttest design. We collected 138 questionnaires from the experimental group and 142 questionnaires from the control group. The findings are that the performances of the children’s mood and problem behaviors are better than those in the control group after the intervention of the tutoring course. The results show that emotion theme tutoring can effectively enhance the improvement of emotions and problem behaviors in preschoolers. It is important to extract the effective factors in the action research for the emotion counseling theme program, which includes the suitable content of picture book, scientific instructional activity designs, diverse teaching strategies and complementary advantages of the community.