《2030年可持续发展议程》移徙目标的人权困境

Human Rights Dilemma of Migration Targets in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

联合国《2030年可持续发展议程》首次明确、具体地将移徙纳入全球发展议程,确立了有关促进正常移徙、保护移徙工人权利等目标。这些目标都是联合国长期推动“移徙与发展”议题、加强基于人权的全球移徙治理所取得的重大成果。但达成这些目标存在诸多困难,尤其当正常和非正常移民的权利触碰到国家主权和安全,或不符合国家的发展需求时。随着新冠肺炎疫情持续蔓延、大国关系紧张态势上升、民粹主义和排外主义在西方盛行,移徙与发展的进程受到严重打击,各国的立场分歧与利益冲突使移徙目标变得更加遥不可及。但从长远角度来看,此领域的探索将有助于推动后疫情时代的全球经济复苏,使各方从移徙、发展、人权的良性互动中受益。

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development explicitly and specifically includes migration into the global development agenda for the first time,and establishes relevant targets including promoting regular migration and protecting the rights of migrant workers.These targets are significant achievements of the United Nations in promoting the "Migration and Development" agenda and strengthening human rights-based international migration governance.However,there are many difficulties in achieving these targets,especially when the rights of migrants in regular and/or irregular situations are undermining national sovereignty and security,or not in line with national development needs.The agenda of Migration and Development has been hit hard by the ongoing spread of COVID-19,rising tensions among major powers,and the prevalence of populism and xenophobia in the West.The divergent positions and conflicting interests have pushed the migration targets further out of reach.However,in the long run,exploration in this area will help promote global economic recovery in the post-pandemic era,and benefit all parties from the positive interactions of migration,development and human rights.