EBV感染相关性肿瘤性病变及影像学特点

EBV Infection Associated Neoplastic Lesions and Imaging Characteristics

Epstein-Barr病毒(EBV)属γ疱疹病毒,具有嗜淋巴细胞性,EBV是人类感冒病毒群中常见的成员,也是第一个被发现的人类肿瘤病毒。EBV感染主要通过呼吸道分泌物及唾液感染口,B淋巴细胞和上皮细胞是EBV宿主细胞。EBV首次感染常发生于幼年及儿童期。EBV相关性病变常见的包括传染性单核细胞增多症、嗜血细胞综合征,慢性慢性活动性EBV感染、EBV感染相关性自身免疫性疾病。EBV感染还可以引起感染细胞的增殖性病变,如各种良性淋巴增殖性病变,及伯基特淋巴瘤(BL)、霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)、T/自然杀伤(NK)细胞淋巴瘤等恶性淋巴瘤,还可发生鼻咽癌、胃癌等上皮源性恶性肿瘤。本文对儿童常见的EBV感染相关性肿瘤性病变及影像学表现予以综述。

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV), also known as a gamma herpesviru, has the characteristics of lymphophilic tissue. EBV is one of the most common human viruses of the human cold virus group and the first human tumor virus found. Infection with EBV occurs by the oral transfer of saliva and respiratory secretions. Human Blymphocytes and epithelial cells are EBV-susceptible host cells. First EBV infection often occurs in infancy and in childhood. EBV-associated diseases include infectious mononucleosis, EB virus associated hemophagocytic lymphoproliferative disorder(EBV-HLH), chronic active EBV Infection, EBV infection-associated autoimmune disease. EBV infection can also cause the proliferative diseases of the infected cells, such as various non-malignant lymphoproliferative diseases, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, EBV associated with many more malignant diseases including Burkitt ′s lymphoma, Hodgkin ′s lymphoma, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, NK/T cell lymphoma,nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a subset of gastric carcinomas, and many more. This paper mainly focuses on EBV associated lymphoproliferative diseases and imaging characteristics in children.