深松与有机肥配施对土壤性质及玉米氮素利用的影响

Effects of Subsoiling Combined with Organic Fertilizer on Soil Properties and Nitrogen Utilization of Maize

研究了深松配施有机肥对土壤理化性状及氮肥利用的影响,为该地区合理耕作与施肥提供依据。通过田间试验的方法设置5个处理:(1)常规种植,不施氮肥;(2)常规种植+常规施肥;(3)深松+有机肥+不施氮肥;(4)深松+有机肥+常规施肥;(5)深松+有机肥+常规施肥减氮15%。探讨不同处理对玉米产量、土壤理化性状及氮肥利用的影响,研究结果表明,与常规种植相比,深松配施有机肥明显增加玉米产量,增加幅度为4.93%,提高氮肥利用率9.94个百分点。在稳产条件下可以适当减少氮肥15%,同时提高氮肥利用率6.91个百分点。施用有机肥土壤有机质含量增加了4.35%~9.24%,提高了土壤养分含量。深松降低了土壤容重4.91%,提高土壤总孔隙度2.53个百分点,田间持水量增加1.99个百分点。

The effects of subsoiling combined with organic fertilizer on soil physical and chemical properties and nitrogen utilization were studied, so as to provide a theoretical basis for rational tillage and fertilization in this area. Five treatments were set up through field experiment:(1) conventional planting without nitrogen fertilizer;(2) Conventional planting + conventional fertilization;(3) Subsoiling + organic fertilizer + no nitrogen fertilizer;(4) Subsoiling + organic fertilizer + conventional fertilization;(5) Subsoiling + organic fertilizer + conventional fertilization reduced nitrogen by 15%. The effects of different treatments on maize yield, soil physical and chemical properties and nitrogen utilization were studied. The results showed that compared with conventional planting, subsoiling combined with organic fertilizer significantly increased corn yield by 4.93% and nitrogen use efficiency by 9.94%. Under the condition of stable yield, nitrogen fertilizer can be appropriately reduced by 15% and nitrogen use efficiency can be increased by 6.91%. The application of organic fertilizer increased the content of soil organic matter by 4.35%~9.24%, and increased the content of soil nutrients. Subsoiling reduced soil bulk density by 4.91%, increased total soil porosity by 2.53%, and increased field water capacity by 1.99%.