连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的性能研究

Research on Properties of Continuous Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

为了满足轨道交通的阻燃要求,通过熔融浸渍的方法制备了连续玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯阻燃型单向预浸带,并通过热压成型的方法生产出实心板。探究了不同含量的膨胀型阻燃剂和玻璃纤维对复合材料的阻燃性、热稳定性和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在玻纤含量为60%、阻燃剂添加量为45%的情况下,复合材料可以达到UL94标准下1.6 mm的V-0阻燃级别,并且氧指数达到40%。在此条件下,复合材料与未加玻纤的材料热重相比,失重温度提高了18℃,且残炭率提高了40.34%。复合材料的拉伸强度达到261.05 MPa,拉伸模量达到15.6 GPa,弯曲强度达到302.21 MPa,弯曲模量达到14.5 GPa,剪切强度达到225 MPa,冲击强度达到225 kJ/m^(2)。复合材料优良的综合性能为连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料的发展前景奠定了坚实的基础。

In order to meet the flame retardant requirements of rail transit,continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene flame retardant unidirectional prepreg tape was prepared by melt impregnation method,and solid plate was produced by hot pressing method.The effects of different contents of inflatable flame retardants and glass fibers on the flame retardancy,thermal stability and mechanical properties of composites were investigated.The results showed that when the glass fiber content was 60% and the flame retardant content was 45%,the composites could reach the V-0 flame retardant level of 1.6 mm under UL94 standard,and the oxygen index could reach 40%.Under these conditions,the weight loss temperature of the composites was 18℃ higher than that of the composites without glass fiber,and the amount of carbon residue was 40.34% higher.The tensile strength of the composite reached to 261.05 MPa,the tensile modulus reached to 15.6 GPa,the flexural strength reached to 302.21 MPa,the flexural modulus reached to 14.5 GPa,the shear strength reached to 225 MPa,and the impact strength reached to 225 kJ/m^(2).The excellent synthesis of composites could lay a solid foundation for the development of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites.