艺术介入背景下的乡村景观再生产研究

RESEARCH ON THE REPRODUCTION OF RURAL LANDSCAPE UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF ART INTERVENTION

乡村景观研究多注重物质层面的讨论,与之相关的社会文化及其权力关系分析却不常见。本研究以全面生产理论为基础构筑了以“景观”为研究对象的理论分析框架,解读了艺术介入下白族村落双廊的乡村景观再生产过程。研究发现,双廊景观再生产过程是乡村发展趋于艺术化、现代化与旅游化的过程。艺术家以催化、牵引、调节等柔性作用方式介入其中,推动景观形态的重构;介入过程作用于景观的不同结构,在经济、政治、文化等不同层面均有反馈;其实践涉及政府、居民、游客以及艺术家自身的愿景表达,促成了景观理想的主体间性。双廊的艺术乡建旅游发展之路,对我国乡村振兴战略的实施具有参考作用。

In the most recent years, rural revitalization has become the most top prioritized work for Chinese government, and rural studies have therefore become an unprecedently welcomed issue in Chinese academia.In an era when rural topics are generally concerned, the current studies on rural landscape have been mainly focusing on rural materiality, while interpretations extending from material forms to the social and cultural aspects as well as its complex power relations of the rural have been apparently under-explored, not even studies on art-led rural development. Taking Shuanglang village, Dali, Yunnan province as the empirical case, this study builds an analytical framework of rural landscape production with landscape as the observing object and with the total production theory as the theoretical basis. On this basis, this study adopts the methods of archival analysis and in-depth interviews with five times fieldwork in Shuanglang from November2016 to October 2020. With these empirical materials, this study investigates the process and mechanism of Shuanglang’s rural landscape reproduction under the background of art intervention from three dimensions,including landscape forms, landscape society, and landscape ideals. This study has three main conclusions.First, the study finds that the reproduction process of Shuanglang’s rural landscape is essentially a process of rural development tending towards artification, modernization, and touristification. Second, the art intervention in rural development in this case has a full effect on the various structural aspects of such rural landscape, and has feedback on different levels of economy, politics, and culture. In view of this, this study believes that art intervention has become an opportunity for the development of Shuanglang.