乡村振兴背景下中国乡村小规模学校教师调查报告

A Report on Teachers in Chinese Rural Small-scale Schools under the Background of Rural Revitalization

在《乡村教师支持计划(2015—2020年)》实施五周年后,对乡村小规模学校教师生活画像、职业境遇、从教心态和留任意愿四个方面展开调查,研究发现:本土化和附近性特征明显、六成教师上班通勤时间在半小时内、任教本校前乡土经历丰富、学历层次变化中有大进步、身份类型多元中有主力军、职称结构提升中有改善空间、职龄成熟度最高、收入增长中有新期待、职业印象变化总体稳定、职业满意度总体良好但有改善刚需、未来留任选择高于城区镇区同类学校教师但存有隐忧、事实流动率高于观念流动率等。建议要持续优先解除乡村小规模学校教师的后顾之忧,塑造他们真正的成就动机和原创价值,使其在乡村振兴的大田野中真正成长为“大先生”“新乡贤”和“人民教育家”。

After the fifth anniversary of the implementation of the"Rural Teacher Support Program(2015-2020)",our survey was conducted on four aspects:portraits of teachers'life in rural small-scale schools,career conditions,teaching mentality,and willingness to stay in the future.The results suggest that this group of teachers mostly live nearby and originally come from surrounding villages.60%of teachers can arrive at schools within half an hour.Most teachers possess abundant experience in teaching in rural schools.Compared with the past,the educational level of these teachers,diversity of their identity types,and potential promotion of their income and title have improved.Also,the average age of these teachers is the highest compared with the rest group of teachers in China.Their career satisfaction is good but still needs to be improved.The changes in their career impressions are stable.Most teachers'future retention willingness is higher than teachers in similar schools in cities or towns,although there are prevalent worries among them.However,the actual turnover of these teachers is higher than expected.According to the conclusions above,in order to cultivate these teachers into great educators in the countryside during the process of rural revitalization,the priority is supposed to fix teachers'long-term concerns,also protect their unique values and motivation for achievement during teaching practice.